Black seed oil is an herbal supplement extracted from the seeds of the Nigella sativa plant. The oil's therapeutic properties are largely attributed to its primary active compound, thymoquinone, which offers antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial effects. While traditionally used for thousands of years, modern research supports some benefits but finds others require more study.
Health benefits and uses
For inflammation and immunity
Respiratory health: Black seed oil may help manage conditions like asthma, allergies, and COPD by acting as an antihistamine and reducing inflammation in the airways.
Rheumatoid arthritis: For individuals with mild to moderate rheumatoid arthritis, black seed oil may reduce symptoms and inflammatory markers.
Systemic inflammation: The oil's anti-inflammatory properties may also benefit general systemic inflammation, which is linked to many chronic diseases.
For metabolic health
Weight management: Some studies suggest that black seed oil can help decrease body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and appetite, especially when combined with a low-calorie diet.
Blood sugar and cholesterol: Research indicates black seed oil can improve blood sugar levels, lower LDL ("bad") cholesterol and triglycerides, and raise HDL ("good") cholesterol.
For skin and hair
Acne: Topical gels or creams containing black seed oil may significantly reduce acne severity and lesions due to the oil's antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects.
Psoriasis and eczema: The anti-inflammatory properties can help calm skin inflammation associated with conditions like psoriasis and eczema.
Vitiligo: For some people with vitiligo, applying black seed oil twice daily may improve skin pigmentation.
Wound healing: When applied topically, thymoquinone in black seed oil promotes tissue growth and collagen production to aid wound healing.
Hair health: Many hair products contain black seed oil for its moisturizing, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties. Some studies show it can increase hair density and reduce hair loss.
Potential uses
Cancer treatment: Early laboratory studies suggest thymoquinone may inhibit the growth of certain cancer cells.
H. pylori infection: When taken alongside standard therapies, black seed oil may help eliminate H. pylori, the bacteria that causes stomach ulcers.
Memory and cognition: Preliminary studies show black seed oil may improve memory and cognitive function in healthy older adults, but more research is required.
Risks and precautions
Side effects: Oral consumption may cause nausea, bloating, constipation, or upset stomach. Topical application can cause allergic skin rashes in some individuals.
Drug interactions: Black seed oil may interfere with blood clotting and blood pressure medications, as well as diabetes drugs, increasing the risk of bleeding, low blood pressure, or low blood sugar.
Pregnancy and breastfeeding: Amounts higher than those found in food are likely unsafe during pregnancy, as black seed can slow or stop uterine contractions. Its safety during breastfeeding is not established.
Surgery: Stop using black seed oil at least two weeks before any scheduled surgery due to the risk of increased bleeding.
